How are salts formed and what are their types?

Salts are formed when acids react with bases, metals, or carbonates. They consist of a cation from the base and an anion from the acid. Examples include NaCl, KNO₃, and CaSO₄. Types of salts include normal salts (e.g., NaCl), acidic salts (e.g., NaHSO₄), basic salts (e.g., Mg(OH)Cl), and double salts (e.g., alum). The nature of the parent acid and base determines the salt's properties. Salts are used in food preservation, agriculture (fertilizers), and industry. Their solubility varies based on their ionic composition.