What are bases and their properties?

Bases are substances that release hydroxide ions (OH⁻) in aqueous solution. They have a bitter taste, slippery feel, and turn red litmus blue. The pH of bases is greater than 7. Examples include sodium hydroxide (NaOH), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂), and ammonia (NH₃). Strong bases fully dissociate in water, while weak bases partially ionize. Bases react with acids to form salt and water (neutralization). They are used in soaps, cleaning agents, and industry. Some bases are corrosive and can cause burns, especially strong alkalis like NaOH.