How does a transformer use electromagnetic laws?

A transformer works on the principle of electromagnetic induction. It consists of two coils of wire—called the primary and secondary coils—wrapped around a magnetic core. When an alternating current flows through the primary coil, it creates a changing magnetic field. This changing field induces a voltage in the secondary coil. Depending on the number of turns in each coil, the voltage can be increased or decreased. This ability to efficiently change voltage levels is key to distributing electrical power safely and effectively across long distances in power grids.